Korean J Med > Volume 97(4); 2022 > Article |
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FUNDING
This study was supported by grants of The Korean Health Technology R & D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare (HI13C1527) and the Research of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016-ER6304-01), Republic of Korea
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conceptualization – Eun Young Cho
Data curation – Eun Young Cho, Hyung Yoon Kim
Formal analysis – Eun Young Cho
Investigation – Eun Young Cho, Myung Ho Jeong
Writing – original draft: Eun Young Cho
Writing – review & editing: Eun Young Cho, Myung Ho Jeong, Hyung Yoon Kim, Hyuk Jin Park, Hyun Ju Yoon, Kye Hun Kim, Young Keun Ahn
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; CK, creatine kinase; CKMB, creatine kinase Myoglobin; NT-pro-BNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1C; PRU, P2Y12 reaction units; ARU, aspirin reaction units; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension.
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension; ACC, American College of Cardiology; AHA, American Heart Association; DES, dual eluting stent; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker.
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
LV EF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LAD, left atrial dimension; DT, Deceleration time; e', early septal mitral annular velocity; E/e', ratio of early transmitral velocity to early septal mitral annular velocity; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension.
Variable |
MACE |
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Univariate |
Multivariate |
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HRa | 95% CI | p-value | HRa | 95% CI | p-value | |
Normal RVSP (reference) | 1 | 1 | ||||
Mild PH | 1.350 | 1.109-1.642 | 0.003 | 1.077 | 0.879-1.318 | 0.473 |
Moderate PH | 2.629 | 2.064-3.348 | < 0.001 | 1.663 | 1.283-2.154 | < 0.001 |
Severe PH | 7.566 | 4.337-13.197 | < 0.001 | 2.943 | 1.650-5.246 | < 0.002 |
Sex (male) | 1.371 | 1.153-1.628 | < 0.001 | 0.954 | 0.791-1.149 | 0.616 |
Age > 65 | 2.200 | 1.836-2.636 | < 0.001 | 1.660 | 1.359-2.027 | < 0.001 |
High Killip class (≥ III) | 2.708 | 2.219-3.305 | < 0.001 | 1.754 | 1.413-2.177 | < 0.001 |
LV EF < 40% | 2.694 | 2.192-3.310 | < 0.001 | 1.767 | 1.408-2.216 | < 0.001 |
E/e' ratio ≥ 15 | 1.714 | 1.441-2.037 | < 0.001 | 1.058 | 0.874-1.281 | 0.561 |
Hypertension | 1.807 | 1.517-2.151 | < 0.001 | 1.362 | 1.128-1.644 | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1.754 | 1.481-2.076 | < 0.001 | 1.329 | 1.128-1.644 | 0.002 |
Variable |
All-cause death |
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Univariate |
Multivariate |
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HRa | 95% CI | p-value | HRa | 95% CI | p-value | |
Normal RVSP (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Mild PH | 1.752 | 1.331-2.306 | < 0.001 | 1.163 | 0.877- 1.542 | 0.294 |
Moderate PH | 4.224 | 3.111-5.734 | < 0.001 | 1.938 | 1.395-2.690 | < 0.001 |
Severe PH | 11.782 | 6.188-22.433 | < 0.001 | 2.619 | 1.334-5.141 | 0.005 |
Sex (male) | 1.698 | 1.342-2.146 | < 0.001 | 0.969 | 0.754-1.243 | 0.802 |
Age > 65 (n/%) | 5.289 | 3.824-7.314 | < 0.001 | 3.719 | 2.634-5.249 | < 0.001 |
High Killip class (≥ III) | 4.612 | 3.604-5.900 | < 0.001 | 2.390 | 1.824-3.130 | < 0.001 |
LV EF < 40% | 4.703 | 3.659-6.042 | < 0.001 | 2.499 | 1.886-3.310 | < 0.001 |
E/e' ratio ≥ 15 | 2.322 | 1.838-2.932 | < 0.001 | 1.076 | 0.833-1.388 | 0.573 |
Hypertension | 2.012 | 1.566-2.583 | < 0.001 | 1.206 | 0.921-1.578 | 0.173 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1.996 | 1.581-2.518 | < 0.001 | 1.310 | 1.027-1.671 | 0.030 |
Dyslipidemia | 0.564 | 0.323-0.983 | 0.043 | 0.805 | 0.459-1.411 | 0.449 |